Endometritis is a medical condition that affects the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium. It is an inflammation of the endometrial tissue and can cause infertility in women.
The endometrium is a layer of tissue that lines the inside of the uterus and prepares for pregnancy by thickening and becoming more vascularized during the menstrual cycle. If fertilization of an egg occurs, the endometrium provides nourishment and support for the developing embryo. However, if pregnancy does not occur, the endometrium is shed during menstruation.
When the endometrium becomes inflamed, it can cause a range of symptoms, including pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, fever, and difficulty getting pregnant. If left untreated, endometritis can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes and other structures in the reproductive system, which can further complicate fertility.
The inflammation and scarring caused by endometritis can create a hostile environment for a fertilized egg to implant in the uterus. This can prevent pregnancy from occurring or increase the risk of miscarriage. In some cases, the inflammation can also affect the quality of the eggs or sperm, further reducing the chances of successful fertilization.
Endometritis can also cause changes in the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to travel through the cervix and reach the egg. The infection itself can also make it more difficult for the sperm to penetrate the egg or fertilize it.
If you suspect you may have endometritis, it's important to see your healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis of endometritis typically involves a physical exam, medical history, and a pelvic exam. Your doctor may also perform a blood test or culture to determine if there is an infection present.
Treatment for endometritis typically involves antibiotics to clear the infection. Depending on the severity of the inflammation and scarring, surgery may also be necessary to remove any damaged tissue or blockages that are preventing pregnancy.
In addition to medical treatment, there are several lifestyle changes that may help improve fertility and reduce the risk of endometritis. Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, and managing stress can all have a positive impact on fertility.